derry_1
Derry/Londonderry - Derry (Daire) means ‘Oak Grove'  and can be trace back to AD75 where it appears in Gaelic as Daire Calgac (Calgach)  ‘Oak Grove of Calgac’, the modern Irish spelling is Doire. Calgach was a Pict or Cruthni who became the first king of Albany and elected high king by the druids at Scone in AD75. One of the provinces of Albany was ‘Srath Eireann’ or Ireland which was ruled from Tara in County Meath. In the Annals of Ulster we find Daire referred to as 'Daire Columbkille' after St.Columb who founded a monastic settlement here in 546AD.

The site of this early monastery eventually evolved into an Augustinian Abbey,  destroyed twice (1059 and 1136) it was finally being abandoned or replaced by medival churches. Today the site is occupied by the beautiful gothic styled St Augustines Church, known as the 'Wee Chirch on the Walls', it was built in 1872 and designed by  J.C. Ferguson. The site ha an unbroken eccelastical history going back to the first settlement here by St. Columb.

You can find many traces of earlier man scattered in the landscape around Derry including the Palace of the Sun (Grianan of Aileach) located a couple of miles inside County Donegal and dating to the Iron Age, the time of the Picts or Cruthni.

An account of Daire in 1600 by  Sir Henry Docwra is as follows:  "A place in the manner of an island, comprehending within it 40 acres of land, whereon were the ruins of an old abbey, a bishop's house, two churches, and at one of the ends of it an old castle; the river called Lough Foyle encompassing it on one side, and a bog most commonly wet and not easily passable, except in two or three places, dividing it from the mainland."